PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2004) CHARTER MEMBERS Glendale, California ACCORD PIPE FABRICATORS, INC. Jamaica, New York ARMISTEAD MECHANICAL, INC. Mahwah, New Jersey BASSETT MECHANICAL, INC. Kaukauna, Wisconsin BUCHANAN INDUSTRIES LLC Fargo, North Dakota FLO-RITE, INC. Riviera Beach, Florida GEM INDUSTRIAL, INC.
Licensed copy: University of Auckland Library, University of Auckland Library, Version correct as of 07:52, (c) The British Standards Institut.
Walbridge, Ohio HPI CONSTRUCTION CO., INC. Huntington, West Virginia HUXTABLE & ASSOCIATES, INC. Lawrence, Kansas IDEAL WELDERS, LTD.
Delta, British Columbia (Canada) INDUSTRIAL POWER SYSTEMS, INC. Toledo, Ohio J.
Fond du Lac, Wisconsin J. MC KINNEY, INC.
Freeport, Texas JOHN E. GREEN COMPANY Highland Park, Michigan KINETIC SYSTEMS, INC.
Santa Clara, California MARELICH MECHANICAL CO. Hayward, California MC ABEE CONSTRUCTION, INC. Tuscaloosa, Alabama MC CARL’S, INC. Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania MECHANICAL INCORPORATED Freeport, Illinois MID STATES PIPE FABRICATING, INC. El Dorado, Arkansas MURPHY COMPANY St. Louis, Missouri NARDEI FABRICATORS, LTD. Calgary, Alberta (Canada) NEWMECH COMPANIES, INC.
Paul, Minnesota PIONEER PIPE, INC. Marietta, Ohio PIPING SYSTEMS, INC. New London, Wisconsin S & D / OSTERFELD MECHANICAL CONTRACTORS Dayton, Ohio S.
COMUNALE COMPANY, INC. Barberton, Ohio SCHECK MECHANICAL WI CORP.
Kaukauna, Wisconsin TEAM INDUSTRIES, INC. Kaukauna, Wisconsin UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL & ENGINEERING CO. San Diego, California W. O'NEIL COMPANY Livonia, Michigan FABRICATING TOLERANCES Prepared by Pipe Fabrication Institute Engineering Committee Licensee=Praxair Inc/, User=Luna Roman, Domingo Not for Resale, 11:12:23 MDT ACCO ENGINEERED SYSTEMS All PFI Standards are advisory only. There is no agreement to adhere to any PFI Standard and their use by anyone is entirely voluntary.
Copyright by Dedicated to Technical Advancements and Standardization in the Pipe Fabrication Industry Since 1913 USA CANADA 666 Fifth Ave., #325 655, 32nd Ave., suite 201 Lachine, QC H8T 3G6 New York, NY 10103 WEB SITE www.pfi-institute.org PFI Safety Training Guideline, Standards and Technical Bulletins are published to serve proven needs of the pipe fabricating industry at the design level and in actual shop operations. Hence, such needs are continually considered and reviewed by the Engineering Committee of the Pipe Fabrication Institute to provide recommended procedures, which have been demonstrated by collective experiences to fulfill requirements in a manner for Code compliance. However, as the PFI Standards are for minimum requirements the designer or fabricator always has the option of specifying supplementary conditions in the form of requirements beyond the scope of the PFI publications.````,`,`,``,`,`,`,-`-`,`,`,`,`- Copyright Pipe Fabrication Institute Provided by IHS under license with PFI No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS PIPE FABRICATION INSTITUTE A current index of the latest revised ES Standards, Technical Bulletins and Safety Training Guideline is available from the Pipe Fabrication Institute. PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2004) Denotes Revision Denotes Revision PFI Standard ES-3 (Revised March 2004) 'A' FABRICATING TOLERANCES METRIC CONVERSIONS 'A' The SI (metric) values where included with the customary U.S. Values in this Standard are the rounded equivalents of the U.S. Values and are for reference only.
Metric units were derived utilizing the following conversion factor: excess of those specified in paragraphs 2.2 and 2.3 may occur, and are acceptable. Scope 1.1 This standard covers general pipe shop fabricating tolerances for prefabricated piping assemblies.
TOLERANCES ON DIMENSIONS WHICH DO NOT INCLUDE PIPE SEGMENTS ARE TO BE BASED ON ANSI SPECIFICATIONS FOR FITTINGS OR FLANGES INVOLVED (SEE PARAGRAPH 2.4) 3. Angularity and Rotation Tolerances 3.1 Angularity tolerance across the face of flanges, weld end preparation and on rotation of flanges are as stated on Fig. Linear Tolerances 2.1 The tolerances on linear dimensions (intermediate or overall) apply to the face to face, face to end, and end to end measurements of fabricated straight pipe and headers; center to end or center to face of nozzles or other attachments; or center to face of bends; as illustrated on Fig. These tolerances are not accumulative. ROTATION OF FLANGES FROM THE INDICATED POSITION MEASURED AS SHOWN, 1/16' (2.0 mm) MAX.
Closer Tolerances 4.1 When closer tolerances than those given in paragraphs 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 are absolutely necessary, they shall be subject to agreement between the Purchaser and Fabricator. 1/8' (3.0 mm) X X 'A' 'A' 2.2 Linear tolerances on “A” are ± 1/8' (3.0 mm) for sizes 10' and under, ± 3/16' (5.0 mm) for sizes 12' through 24' and ± 1/4' (6.0 mm) for sizes over 24' through 36'.
SECTION X-X 2.4 Due to the cumulative effects of tolerances on fittings or flanges, when joined without intervening pipe segments, deviations in ' 'A 'A' 'A' 2.3 Linear tolerances on “A” for sizes over 36' are subject to tolerances of ± 1/4' (6.0 mm), increasing by plus or minus 1/16' (2.0 mm) for each 12' in diameter over 36'.
External ISO Metric Trapezoidal Screw Threads Table Chart Sizes TR8 - TR315 Trapezoidal threads are codified by DIN 103. Although metric screw threads are generally more prevalent worldwide than imperial threads, the Acme thread is very common worldwide, and may be more widely used than the trapezoidal metric thread. Trapezoidal threads are defined as follows by ISO standards: ISO 2901, ISO 2901, ISO 2903, ISO 2904 and ISO 103. Gages ISO metric trapezoidal screw thread are defined in the DIN 103-9. TR 8 x 1.5 where Tr designates a trapezoidal thread, 8 is the nominal diameter in millimeters, and 1.5 is the pitch in millimeters. When there is no suffix it is a single start thread. If there is a suffix then the value after the multiplication sign is the lead and the value in the parentheses is the pitch.
For example: TR 60 x 18 (P9) LH would denoted two starts, as the lead divided by the pitch is two. The 'LH' denotes a left hand thread.
The thread form and related equations for calculating Trapezoidal Screw Threads can be seen here.